Serivisi z'imari zambukiranya imipaka zikomeje guhanga udushya

Isoko: Financial Times na Zhao Meng

Vuba aha, CiIE ya kane yageze ku mwanzuro mwiza, yongera gutanga raporo itangaje ku isi. Ku mwaka umwe, CIIE y'uyu mwaka ifite inyungu rusange ya miliyari 70.72 z'amadolari y'Amerika.

Kugira ngo ibigo by'amabanki bishobore gukorera abamurikagurisha n'abaguzi mu gihugu no mu mahanga, bikomeje kunoza no kunoza sisitemu z'imari zikoreshwa mu bucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka, no gushyiraho serivisi z'imari zihuriweho mu bucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka mu gihugu no mu mahanga. Bigaragara ko CIIE itabaye urubuga rwo kwerekana ibicuruzwa byo mu gihugu no mu mahanga gusa, ahubwo yanabaye "idirishya ryo kwerekana" ryo kongera no guhanga udushya serivisi z'imari zikoreshwa mu bucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka mu bigo by'amabanki.

Mu mezi 10 ya mbere y'uyu mwaka, umubare w'ibitumizwa n'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byiyongereyeho 31.9 ku ijana ugereranyije n'umwaka, nk'uko amakuru aturuka mu buyobozi bukuru bw'imisoro yagaragajwe. Bigaragara ko bitewe n'uburyo u Bushinwa bufunguye ku rwego rwo hejuru ndetse n'iterambere rirambye ry'ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga, ubucuruzi bw'imari bw'inganda z'amabanki bwinjiye mu nzira yihuse y'iterambere. Serivisi z'imari z'ibihugu bihana imbibi zihagarariwe na "ahantu hamwe", "kuri interineti" na "zigororotse" zigenda zirushaho kuboneka no koroha kuzikoresha.

“Imari yambukiranya imipaka, igamije gutanga serivisi zo gufungura imiryango ku rwego rwo hejuru, nta gushidikanya ko izakira ahantu hanini ho gutera imbere n’amahirwe.” Mu kiganiro yagiranye na Financial Times, Zheng Chenyang, umunyeshuri mu kigo cy’ubushakashatsi cya Banki y’Ubushinwa, yavuze ko amabanki y’ubucuruzi agomba gukomeza kunoza ireme n’imikorere myiza ya serivisi z’imari zambukiranya imipaka kuko ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga butuma serivisi z’imari zambukiranya imipaka zikenerwa cyane.

Udushya mu bicuruzwa turagaragara kandi ni ingenzi bihagije

Umunyamakuru yamenye ko hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibicuruzwa bigabanya imari mu buryo bwambukiranya imipaka, ariko byose bitandukanye. Byose bihurizwa hamwe muri serivisi eshatu z'ibanze ari zo "kugurisha", "kugurisha" na "gutanga inguzanyo". Muri CIIE y'uyu mwaka, amabanki menshi yo mu Bushinwa yatangije gahunda zihariye za serivisi z'imari zishingiye ku byo ibigo bikeneye kandi bigakora imiterere yabyo.

Muri make, muri iri murikagurisha, banki itumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga muri uyu mwaka izategura kuvugurura imikorere yayo ikagera kuri verisiyo ya 4.0, yitwa "Yi Hui global", igaragaza ibintu bine "byoroshye", ari byo "byoroshye, byoroshye kwishimira, byoroshye gukora, byoroshye guhuza", hakongerwamo ubwinshi bw'ibicuruzwa na serivisi by'imari bitumiza mu mahanga, nk'ishingiro ry'ubucuruzi bw'ubucuruzi bw'amahanga "point, line, face" buri gice, sisitemu yo gushyigikira ibintu byinshi, ikwiriye cyane ibyo ibigo bitandukanye bikeneye kandi byihariye.

Serivisi nk'izo z'imari zagaragaye ko zikenewe cyane n'ibigo. Nk'uko raporo zibivuga, hifashishijwe gahunda yihariye ya serivisi z'imari ya “Jinborong 2020” yasohotse muri CiIE ya gatatu, Banki y'Ubushinwa yo Kohereza no Kutumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga yateye inkunga ibigo bigera ku 2.000 by'abakiriya barenga 300, bifite hafi miliyari 140 z'amayuan, bigizwe n'ibihugu birenga 40 n'uturere nka Singapuru na Maleziya, bigatuma ibicuruzwa bivanwa mu mahanga n'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga birenga miliyari 570 z'amayuan.

Banki y’Iterambere ya Pudong ya Shanghai izahuza ikoranabuhanga, ibidukikije n’ibikomoka kuri karubone nke, hamwe n’udushya mu bya siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga muri serivisi z’imari za ciIE. Dukurikije ibyo CiIF ikeneye mu gutanga amasoko, tuzakomeza kunoza imikorere ya serivisi z’ubucuruzi kuri interineti. Tuzafungura amabaruwa y’inguzanyo yo gutumiza ibicuruzwa binyuze mu banki kuri interineti, tudatanze impapuro zisaba akazi hanze, kandi dushobora kumenya iterambere ry’ubucuruzi mu gihe nyacyo, ibyo bikazamura cyane imikorere.

Banki y'Ubushinwa yibanda ku guhuza cyane ibikorwa byo kubaka ahantu hatandukanye, uburezi, siporo n'ifeza na serivisi za ciIE, ihuza umutungo kamere w'ahantu hatandukanye, kandi ishyiraho icyitegererezo cy' "imari + ahantu hatandukanye" cy' "uburyo bwo kugera ku kintu kimwe no gusubiza ibintu mu buryo bugaragara" hamwe na ciIE nk'ishingiro, ishyiraho uburyo bushya bwo gushyiraho serivisi z'imari mu bidukikije.

Impinduka mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga ku bijyanye n'imari yambukiranya imipaka yihutishijwe

“Ukoresheje uburyo bwo kohereza amafaranga bwambukiranya imipaka bwa GUANGfa Bank binyuze mu ‘dirishya rimwe’ ry’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga, ushobora kubona amakuru ya gasutamo n’amakuru y’inyuma y’ubucuruzi ukoresheje akantu kamwe gusa, ibyo bikuraho inzira iruhije yo gucunga ubucuruzi kandi bigatuma kohereza amafaranga bikorwa neza. Igikorwa cya mbere twakoze, kuva ku gutanga kugeza ku isuzuma rya banki kugeza ku kwishyura burundu, cyafashe igihe kitarenze iminota 30.” Ibi byavuzwe n’ikigo mpuzamahanga cy’ubucuruzi mu Bushinwa (Guangdong).

Bivugwa ko muri Kanama uyu mwaka, banki y’iterambere ya Guangdong n’ikigo gishinzwe imicungire y’ibyambu (ibiro by’igihugu bishinzwe gucunga ibyambu) basinye amasezerano yo guteza imbere "idirishya rimwe" ry’imari n’ubwishingizi mpuzamahanga mu bucuruzi, kubaka serivisi mu buryo bwagutse kugira ngo hashyirweho gusangira amakuru, kwagura serivisi z’imari n’udushya mu ikoreshwa rya siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga, gutumiza no kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga kugira ngo hatange serivisi nziza kandi zoroshye, guteza imbere koroshya imisoro ku bicuruzwa.

Ni ngombwa kuvuga ko mu rwego rwo gukomeza gukwirakwira kw'icyorezo mu mahanga, ibigo bireba bikenewe byihutirwa serivisi z'imari zambukiranya imipaka "zo kudahuza" no "kwishyura byihuse". Bitewe n'ipiganwa ry'abakiriya n'ibyifuzo by'abakiriya, amabanki y'ubucuruzi arimo kwihutisha ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'ibyagezweho mu ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo habeho impinduka mu ikoranabuhanga no guteza imbere imari yambukiranya imipaka.

"Serivisi yo gukemura ibibazo mu buryo butaziguye" muri CIIE y'uyu mwaka yakuruye amasoko. Umunyamakuru arabyumva ko banki "irwanya inyereza ry'amafaranga no gutera inkunga ibikorwa by'iterabwoba, kunyereza imisoro", hashingiwe ku mabwiriza y'abakiriya yo gukemura ibibazo by'ubucuruzi bw'ibanze bw'imbere mu gihugu no mu mahanga, konti rusange yo gukemura ibibazo mu buryo butaziguye bw'ubucuruzi bw'imbere mu gihugu n'ubwo mu mahanga, konti rusange yo gukemura ibibazo mu buryo butaziguye bw'ubucuruzi bw'imbere mu gihugu n'ubwo mu buryo butaziguye bworohereza, hatabayeho ko abakiriya batanga izindi nyandiko, serivisi zo korohereza abantu.

Liu Xingya, umuyobozi wungirije w’icyicaro gikuru cya Banki y’Abaturage y’Ubushinwa muri Shanghai, yavuze ko ibigo by’imari bigomba kunoza gahunda zabyo za serivisi n’ibicuruzwa by’imari hashingiwe ku byo abamurika ibicuruzwa n’abaguzi bakeneye mu gihugu no mu mahanga bakeneye, kandi bigatanga serivisi zuzuye kandi nziza z’imari zambukiranya imipaka ku mpande zose za CIIE.

Guhinduranya amafaranga kugira ngo habeho ibyifuzo by'imari byambukiranya imipaka

Kuri ubu, amwe mu mabanki y’Abashinwa akomeje gushyira imbaraga mu gutanga serivisi z’imari zinyura mu bihugu bitandukanye. Nk’uko raporo y’igihembwe cya gatatu ya Banki y’Ubushinwa ibigaragaza, ifite 41.2% by’isoko muri CIPS (RMB cross-border payment system), ikaba iguma ku mwanya wa mbere ku isoko. Amafaranga yavuye mu ishoramari rya RMB ku bihugu bitandukanye yari tiriyari 464 z’amayuani, yiyongereyeho 31.69% ugereranyije n’umwaka, agakomeza kuba ingenzi ku isi.

Mu kureba ahazaza, Zheng Chenyang yizera ko ivugurura rya politiki y’ubukungu rusange, impinduka mu miterere y’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga, impinduka no kuvugurura imiterere y’inganda hamwe n’ibintu byinshi bigena icyerekezo cy’iterambere ry’ubucuruzi bw’imari bwambukiranya imipaka. Nk’ikigo cy’imari cya banki, ni mu gukomeza gukoresha ubumenyi bw’imbere mu kigo gusa ari bwo bushobora kubona amahirwe mu kubaka imiterere mishya y’iterambere.

“Ibigo by’amabanki bigomba kubanza gutanga serivisi nziza ku iterambere rishya, gukoresha neza amasoko abiri n’umutungo ibiri mu gihugu no mu mahanga, gufata amahirwe yo gukomeza gufungurira politiki y’amahanga, inyungu nyinshi mu gihugu ziterwa n’ubucuruzi bw’ubwisanzure, icyambu cy’ubucuruzi bw’ubwisanzure, imurikagurisha rya Canton n’ubucuruzi bw’imyenda bizatanga inkunga ikomeye y’imari n’ingwate kuri uru rubuga rushya, Tuzakoresha amahirwe y’ubufatanye mu bukungu n’ubucuruzi bw’akarere nka Belt and Road Initiative na RCEP kugira ngo twongere imiterere y’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga no kongera iterambere ry’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka.” Zheng Chenyang yagize ati:

Byongeye kandi, icyorezo cyagaragaye neza ku byiza by’ubukungu bw’ikoranabuhanga. Ubucuruzi bw’isi yose burimo kuba ikoranabuhanga ryihuse kandi rijyanye n’ubwenge. Urugero, ubucuruzi bw’ikoranabuhanga bwambukiranya imipaka bwabaye imbaraga nshya mu iterambere ry’ubucuruzi. Impuguke zabajijwe zemeza ko intambwe ikurikiraho, urwego rw’amabanki rwongera ishoramari mu bumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga, ikoreshwa rya big data, imiyoboro y’itumanaho, nk’ikoranabuhanga ry’imari, kwibanda ku bucuruzi bw’ikoranabuhanga, ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka, ubucuruzi bwo kuri interineti n’ibindi bice by’ingenzi, imiterere, urubuga rwa serivisi z’imari zambukiranya imipaka n’ahantu, udushya mu gutanga serivisi z’imari mu bucuruzi bwo kuri interineti, iterambere rya digitale pratt & finance and finance chain, Gutuma habaho uburyo bushya bwa serivisi z’imari zambukiranya imipaka binyuze mu guhindura ikoranabuhanga.

Zheng Chenyang yashimangiye ko gufungura imari no gutanga serivisi z'imari ku mipaka bigomba gusobanukirwa isano iri hagati yo kwamamaza muri rusange n'ibikorwa by'ingenzi. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, agace kanini k'icyambu cy'ubucuruzi bw'ubuntu cya Guangdong na Hainan kabaye "idirishya" ry'uko Ubushinwa bufungurira isi yose bishobora gukwirakwira mu nkunga ijyanye na banki zabwo, korohereza ubucuruzi n'ishoramari, gushyira mu bikorwa serivisi z'imari za Renminbi ku rwego mpuzamahanga, nko kwamamaza ibicuruzwa bishya, abakiriya bakomeye, ubunararibonye mu gutanga serivisi.